Reconstruction of the hottest green packaging logi

Reconstruction of green packaging logistics

in recent years, the increasing packaging waste has brought considerable pressure to environmental protection. According to statistics, the discharge of urban solid waste in the 1990s is increasing. In 1995, the United States reached 150 million tons, of which packaging waste accounted for 50% of the volume and 33% of the weight of urban waste, which has become a headache for governments all over the world. Under the dual pressure of resource crisis and pollution prevention, some developed countries have developed "green packaging" one after another. At present, the recycling of packaging materials has formed a fist industrial system in developed countries in Europe and the United States, and its successful experience and practices are worthy of our reference

as early as 2 to provide partial stability of this section, the United States paid attention to the problem of "packaging and environmental protection" in the 1960s. Some state governments adopted legal measures to forcibly recycle packaging waste, setting off an ecological protection campaign of "protecting the beauty of the United States". In the late 1980s, the United States federal government formulated the general policy of packaging and environmental protection: reduction, recycling, reuse and incineration of packaging materials. In the 1990s, there were two development plans for the packaging industry in the United States: reducing raw materials by 15% and recycling at least 25% of packaging products, both of which were recognized by the packaging industry. Many experts believe that reducing the consumption of raw materials is the mainstream of development. The United States has not yet legislated, but so far 37 states have legislated and determined the recycling quota of packaging waste. The Florida government is actively implementing the waste disposal pre charge Act (ADF). In order to encourage packaging container manufacturers to support the implementation of the act, ADF formulates that as long as a certain level of recycling and reuse is reached, it can apply for exemption from the tax of packaging waste. According to the annual recycling of various materials by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, containers with more than 50% recycling can be exempted from pre charge to encourage all producers to ensure that at least half of their products can be recycled to better serve the rapidly growing customers. At present, the annual recycling volume of cartons in the United States is as high as 40million tons, and the recycled packaging old cartons can be reused after chemical treatment. The garbage law was promulgated in 1986, which aims to avoid and reduce the generation of garbage and improve the reuse rate of waste. The Ministry of environment issued the packaging regulations in June 1991, which became the first regulation in the world that producers and manufacturers of packaged goods should bear the costs of collection, sorting and treatment of white beard waste. The central goal of German packaging regulations is to reduce the total amount of packaging waste

reduce the use of packaging materials and reduce the consumption of raw materials. It is stipulated that the packaging of transportation package srian must be 100% recycled at this year's composite exhibition, and the display packaging and post consumption packaging should be recycled by DSD company. It is required that state-owned enterprises set up special companies to operate this business

in 1990, 95 packaging, consumer and retail industries established DSD organizations to collect sales packaging and post consumer packaging. At present, DSD has 16000 member companies. The whole Germany has formed a waste packaging treatment system. DSD members pay fees to DSD and obtain the right of "green dot" packaging recycling mark. The fees paid depend on the type and weight of packaging materials. Companies that are not members of DSD must implement the economic regulations in the packaging regulations, with higher costs. Foreign importers apply to pay DSD for the type and weight of "green dot" packaging materials

dsd organizes to place yellow drums in every corner of the city to collect packaging waste with DSD trademark and "green dot" logo. In 1995, the recovery rate of packaging waste reached 80%, and the sorting rate was 80%, that is, 64% of post consumer packaging materials were recycled

1993 was the first year of implementing the packaging laws and regulations. The recovery rate was required to reach 50%, and the actual recovery rate was 57%, while the recovery and reuse rate had reached 85%. In this year, each German resident collected an average of 56.8 kg of packaging waste. In July, 1995, the statutory collection quota began to rise to 80%, and 50% - 90% of the collected materials must be recycled. Since the implementation of the packaging regulations, the consumption of packaging materials has been reduced by 1million tons. The recycled packaging materials are reduced by 500000 tons almost every year, and the annual per capita consumption of packaging materials has decreased from 160 kg in 1991 to 145 kg, and 80% of the goods no longer use display packaging. The recycling of glass, metal plates, aluminum cans and other packaging materials is very successful, and the recovery rate of paper and paperboard is quite high. The annual amount of packaging paper in Germany is 4.6 million tons, while the amount of secondary fiber is 93%. However, the recycling of imported paper and paperboard is not ideal, and plastic recycling is the main problem. Germany produces 1.2 million tons of plastic packaging materials every year. 400000 tons of plastic were recycled in 1993 and 600000 tons in 1995

if the packaging waste is pre sorted by category, the collection cost will be reduced. According to the regulations, only 10% of the total recycled materials can not be mixed, but now it is up to 20%. For this reason, DSD will spend an additional 900million tons of Deutsche mark every year to reduce this proportion, and provide users with collection containers free of charge in order to reduce the mixture

the Japanese government drafted the "energy protection and promotion recycling law" in 1992, which came into force in June 1993. Before that, 72% of Japan's packaging waste was incinerated as energy. This law emphasizes the need to produce recyclable packaging products and selectively collect recyclable packaging waste. The implementation effect of this law is good. 97% of glass bottles, wine bottles and 81% of rice wine bottles were recycled, and five factories with an annual processing and recycling capacity of 1000 tons of recycled plastics were built. In order to improve the recycling rate of packaging waste, the government followed the example of Europe and proposed on the basis of the "polluter pays" principle in April 1995: consumers are responsible for classifying packaging waste, municipal governments are responsible for collecting classified packaging waste, and private enterprises reprocess packaging waste after obtaining the approval of the government

in the project of packaging waste recycling, the "blue box" activity has its own characteristics in Canada. It was first proposed by a city in Ontario in 1983. Tinplate cans, glass bottles, newspapers, aluminum cans, plastics and other categories that residents do not collect are put into blue plastic boxes or plastic bags. 10million people collect and classify 460000 tons of packaging waste, with an average of 46 kilograms of waste collected by each resident. At present, the "blue box" activity is sweeping Canada. Experts believe that the "blue box" activity initiated by Ontario combines the interests of local government, packaging industry and provincial government, and is likely to achieve greater success in Canada

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands and other countries have promulgated and implemented relevant classification regulations to address the impact of packaging waste on the environment

the trademark of Austrian recycling organization in punkert. Companies that want to use this trademark must obtain a license. In 1994, there were more than 8300 licensees, and the license fee was as high as 2.5 billion Austrian shillings. Austrian citizens have a strong awareness of environmental protection. 50% of citizens consciously and seriously classify packaging waste at home according to the packaging regulations. 7.2 million people participated in the collection of glass packaging waste, and household waste decreased by 10% in large cities and 25% in small cities and villages. In 1993, 97% of mineral water bottles and wine bottles were recycled, exceeding the recycling index in 2000. "Eco boxes" are used in the recycling of beverage and milk containers. Consumers can get this "eco box" free of charge in recycling stations, post offices and other places. It can hold 80 folded beverage boxes every day, which are sent to the recycling station after being filled, and the eco bags are sent to residents' homes for free after being filled

Belgian law stipulates that all paper packages in direct contact with food are exempt from tax. If there is evidence that beverage cans and containers have been reused for 7 times, they are exempt from tax, and others are subject to "ecological tax". The "green dot" trademark printed on the packaging materials indicates that this kind of packaging is related to the special collection, classification and recycling system in terms of funds. If a company wants to have the right to use the "green dot" trademark, it must pay a special license fee, which is related to the packaging materials and weight, and is determined by the "material chain deficit". The material chain includes all users of a certain material. Therefore, there is actually a material chain for each packaging material. The calculation method of "material chain deficit" is: deduct all the expenses required for the collection and classification of packaging materials from the funds obtained from the reduction of packaging waste and the sale of classified packaging waste

71% of household waste in Denmark becomes the fuel of power plants. As early as 1975, Denmark formulated the packaging regulations. Now, the recycling and treatment of packaging waste has been put in the first place, and the energy of incineration production has been reduced to the second place

China's per capita resource share is far lower than that of developed countries, and we are also a developing country. It is necessary and necessary to put the implementation of "green packaging" in an important position, develop new green packaging materials from the renewable recycling of packaging materials, ease of treatment, reduce pollution, and strengthen environmental protection through strengthening legislation

Author: liangyanjun

reprinted from: China Logistics